What is Blockchain Technology? Everything you need to know

Blockchain and cryptocurrency has emerged as a buzz word in various fields of life over the past decade. The skyrocketing values of cryptocurrencies in the end of 2017 have given these words a wider proposition. There are only a few who have no acquaintance with these words. Also, fractions of the people who frequently use these words understand the real sense and meaning of these words. Earlier, blockchain technology was associated with Bitcoin. But, nowadays, this technology seems revolutionizing almost all the fields of life. The researchers are busy in increasing scalability and security features of this raging technology.

Blockchain

After a lot of research, the experts have concluded as that blockchain is a kind of public ledger that stores all the transactions taking place in digital world. One of the peculiar features of blockchain is that every transaction is stored in a separate block and shared by everyone in the network. All these blocks are linked with one another thereby resisting alteration in the ledger. Cryptography and distributed consensus algorithms are the techniques to secure these transactions. The increasing digitalization and smartness trends over the world have made blockchain a wider proposition for the people to understand.

Types of Blockchains

There are two types of blockchain technology being widely used around the world. These are:

1-Permissioned Blockchains

These are the blockchains that are validated only by the owners and validated users in the network. This means that no further verification on the authority of these users is required because these are the trusted ones. These kinds of blockchains are often used in governmental institutions and businesses and the governmental departments are the validated users. Permissioned blockchains can also be private and in such cases the organizations become validated users.

2-Permissionless Blockchains

These are the most commonly used blockchains in which every user of the network takes part in the consensus. It is this blockchain in which each block is secured through a security key. These types of blockchains are accessible for all but no one can either copy or temper the transaction that takes place.

Blockchain Technology

Blockchain technology is the technology that helps the developers to develop various applications backed by blockchain. It is this technology that has extended the use of blockchain in various fields of life including healthcare and charity organizations. It is an open source technology that can be used by individuals as well as companies in their own ways to benefit themselves. The use of this technology has abolished the role of third parties in financial transactions. This is why blockchain technology is considered ideal for countries with majority unbanked population. In simple words we can say that blockchain technology is the technology that helps store and exchange digital assets in a peer-to-peer network without the need of intermediaries.

Read also: 8 Best Blockchain Online Courses For Training & Certification 2019

Working of Blockchain Technology

img source: G2 Crowd

Over the past decade, blockchain technology has been recognized as a quick way to getting rich. This is why more and more people are taking interest in investing in blockchain and cryptocurrencies. It is imperative to understand the concept and working of blockchain technology to get the real advantages. The working of blockchain technology can be explained in four easy steps. These are:

1-Taking Place of a Transaction

The very first and the most important thing to understand the working of blockchain technology is that it requires a transaction. The transaction can take place between two individuals or businesses irrespective of their locations. One of these becomes the sender and the other becomes the receiver.

2-Validation/Verification of Transaction

After the transaction takes place, the next step in the working of blockchain technology is the validation or verification of that transaction. As the transaction is shared among millions of computers around the world, a network of computers rush to verify that transaction. These confirm the transaction along with its date, time, amount, and even the participants of the transaction.

3-Formation of a Block

When the transaction is validated by computers in the network, it is stored in a separate block. This block contains all the information regarding that transaction. This information may include time, date, amount, digital signatures, and much more. These blocks are visible to all the individuals or businesses in the network and, therefore, alteration in its record becomes impossible. This new block is appended to an already existing blockchain database. The information in each block is saved through cryptography and certain other distributed consensus algorithms.

4-Allotment of a Code/Hash

The last step in the working of blockchain is the allotment of a code or hash to that block. This code is allotted after everything about the transaction is verified. This code is always unique which makes the transaction secure. Here, it is important to mention that new block can be added to the blockchain only after it is given a certain code. Also, this new block becomes visible for general public after addition to an existing blockchain or database.

Advantages of Blockchain Technology

Being an open source technology, blockchain is widely used in various fields of life. The increasing use of this technology has revolutionized many businesses around the world. Some of its advantages are:

1-Transaction Speed

Blockchain technology is widely used across the world for its lightening fast speed of global transactions. Here, it is pertinent to mention that adoption of this technology has revolutionized the banking industry all over the world. This is because the global transactions that used to take place in 15-20 days are now taking place within seconds. For example, a global transaction is completed in just 0.3 seconds in Ripple’s blockchain network.

2-Security

The increasing security threats in the financial world have also increased the usage of blockchain technology in various fields. The high degree of encryption in this technology makes each and every transaction secure. Moreover, the availability of blocks in the form of public ledger to everyone in the world makes it impossible for all to alter the transactions. All the blocks that store information about certain transactions are secured with hashes/codes which are unique. The researchers and experts are still busy in increasing the security of transactions taking place in digital world.

3-Transparency

Another advantage of blockchain technology is its unmatched transparency. No other technology can withstand blockchain technology in transparency of global transactions because all the transactions are visible to everyone. Only the persons having keys can access these transactions without altering these. Moreover, the sender and the receiver remain informed about the status of the transaction taking place.

4-Cost Effectiveness

The scope of blockchain technology is also increasing with every passing day because of its cost effectiveness. This technology has eliminated the role of intermediaries in financial transactions that has not only increased the transactions’ speed but has also made these cost effective. There is no need of any documentation in blockchain network which has also eliminated the delays in transactions. The sender and the receiver are directly connected to each other through blockchain network and are kept informed about the status of the transaction.

5-Collaboration

Collaboration is also among the most important advantages of blockchain technology because both the sender and the receiver collaborate with each other throughout the transaction process which makes it satisfactory and frictionless. This also makes blockchain technology trustworthy and fast because there is no need of the third party.  

6-High Degree of Accuracy

Lastly, blockchain technology is also being widely used because of high degree of accuracy in the transactions. The visibility of blocks to all on the network makes transactions transparent. Also, the links among these blocks increase the accuracy of the technology because the information in these blocks can neither be copied nor changed.

How do Cryptocurrencies Use Blockchain?

There are more than 1400 cryptocurrencies that are using blockchain technology in their own particular ways. Bitcoin was the first cryptocurrency that used this technology. Keeping in view the various problems in its network, various alt coins are using this technology in different forms. For example, in Bitcoin’s network every new block is created after ten minutes which verifies the transaction. On the other hand, in Ethereum blockchain this time is reduced to 10-20 seconds and this time decreases to 0.3 seconds in Ripple’s blockchain network.

Future of Blockchain Technology

Owing to its widespread usage blockchain technology remains at the forefront of almost all discussions related with digital currencies. Most of the experts are of the view that usage of blockchain technology seems endless. In a decade or two, it will be at the back of almost all the fields of life. Some of the usages of blockchain technology in near future may include:

• Its usage in making smart contracts may increase.
• Experts are of the view that blockchain technology will be used for distribution of top priority medical information soon.
• As the general elections in most of the countries are hacked, blockchain technology may soon be used for voting purpose for making elections fair and fast.
• No one can deny its usage in ecommerce industry, therefore, it can be hoped that buying and selling of all kinds of properties will take place through blockchains.